Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a neurosurgical procedure that involves implanting electrodes into specific areas of the brain and delivering electrical impulses to modulate abnormal activity in the brain. It is used to treat a variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders, including Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, dystonia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. DBS has been successful in improving symptoms and quality of life for many patients who have not responded well to traditional treatments. This technique is still being researched and refined to optimize its efficacy and minimize risks.